{"id":4809,"date":"2020-09-24T15:47:06","date_gmt":"2020-09-24T06:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/?p=4809"},"modified":"2020-09-24T16:19:24","modified_gmt":"2020-09-24T07:19:24","slug":"%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a0%95%ec%b9%98%ec%97%90-%eb%8c%80%ed%95%9c-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9a%94","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/?p=4809","title":{"rendered":"\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc815\uce58\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac1c\uc694"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\uc815\uce58\uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc815\uce58\uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub294 \uc624\ub798\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc624\ub798\ub41c \uc9c0\ud45c\uc911\uc758 \ud558\ub098\ub294 1972\ub144 Freedom House\uc758 \u201cThe Comparative Study of Freedom\u201d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac(political rights)\uc640 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720(civil liberties)\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c Freedom in the World \uc9c0\ud45c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub294 125\uba85\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d\uac00\uc640 40\uba85\uc758 \uc790\ubb38\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \uac80\ud1a0\uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub41c\ub2e4. 2018\ub144 \uc9c0\ud45c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 10\uac1c\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\ud45c\uc640 15\uac1c\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc9c0\ud45c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub294 \uc120\uac70\uacfc\uc815, \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ub2e4\uc6d0\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \ucc38\uc5ec, \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5\uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uce21\uc815\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uacfc \uc2e0\ub150\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \uc9d1\ud68c \ubc0f \uacb0\uc0ac\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \ubc95\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud1b5\uce58, \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc790\uc728\uc131\uacfc \uad8c\ub9ac \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uce21\uc815\ub41c\ub2e4.<a href=\"#1\">1)<\/a> \uc774 \uce21\uc815\uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc885\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uc790\uc720, \ubd80\ubd84\uc801 \uc790\uc720, \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c Freedom House\ub294 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\uac70 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758(electoral democracy) \uc9c0\uc218\ub97c \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uce21\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4. Economist\uc9c0\uc758 Democracy Index \uc5ed\uc2dc \ub9ce\uc774 \uc778\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub294 2006\ub144\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\ud45c\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc644\uc804 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758(full democracy), \ud760\uacb0 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758(flawed democracy), \ud63c\ud569\uccb4\uc81c(hybrid regimes), \uad8c\uc704\uc8fc\uc758 \uccb4\uc81c(authoritarian regimes)\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc120\uac70\uacfc\uc815 \ubc0f \ub2e4\uc6d0\uc8fc\uc758, \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5 \uc815\ub3c4, \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ucc38\uc5ec, \uc815\uce58\ubb38\ud654 \ub4f1\uc758 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c 60\uc5ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc744 \uac00\uc911\ud3c9\uade0\ud558\uc5ec \uc9c0\uc218\ub97c \uad6c\ud55c \ud6c4 \uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uad6c\ubd84\ud55c\ub2e4.<a href=\"#2\">2)<\/a> \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 Freedom House\uc758 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uce21\uc815 \uc601\uc5ed\uacfc \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud788 \uacb9\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ubcf8 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub41c \uc9c0\ud45c\ub294 Center for Systemic Peace\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ud1b5\ud569\uc815\uce58\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218(combined polity score, \uc774\ud558 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218)\ub85c\uc368, 1975\ub144 Polity I\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\uc74c \ubc1c\ud45c\ub41c \uc774\ud6c4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc218\uc815 \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc644\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud604\uc7ac\uc5d0\ub294 Polity 5\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\ub984\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uac04\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<a href=\"#3\">3)<\/a> \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218\ub294 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uc81c\ub3c4\ud654 \uc810\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uad8c\uc704\uc8fc\uc758 \uc81c\ub3c4\ud654 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ucc28\uac10\ud55c \uac12\uc73c\ub85c, \ub450 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub294 5\uac1c\uc758 \ud558\uc704 \uc9c0\ud45c(\ud589\uc815\ubd80 \uc218\uc7a5 \uc784\uba85\uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825(competitiveness), \uac1c\ubc29\ub3c4(openness), \ud589\uc815\ubd80 \uc218\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uacac\uc81c, \uc815\uce58\ucc38\uc5ec\uc758 \uacbd\uc7c1\ub825, \uc815\uce58\ucc38\uc5ec\uc758 \uc81c\ud55c)\ub97c \uac00\uc911\ud3c9\uade0\ud55c \uac12\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc704 \uc9c0\ud45c\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc744 \ubcfc \ub54c, \ubd84\uc11d\ub300\uc0c1\uc774 \ud589\uc815\ubd80 \uc218\uc7a5, \uc815\ub2f9 \ub4f1 \ud45c\uba74\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc911\uc2ec\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 \uc870\uc9c1\uc5d0 \ucd08\uc810\uc774 \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4\uc838 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc5ec\ud0c0 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uc9c0\uc218\ub4e4\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ud070 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \ube44\uacf5\uc2dd \uc815\uce58\ub2e8\uccb4, \uc5b8\ub860 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc81c\uc678\ub418\uac70\ub098 \ub0ae\uc740 \ube44\uc911\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218\ub294 \uc2dc\ubbfc, \uc815\ubd80 \uc678 \ube44\uacf5\uc2dd \ub2e8\uccb4, \uc5b8\ub860 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc790\uc720, \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ucc38\uc5ec\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\uc640\ub294 \ubcc4\uac1c\ub85c, \ud589\uc815\ubd80 \uc218\uc7a5\uc758 \uc784\uba85\uc808\ucc28\uac00 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc801\uc774\uac70\ub098, \uc815\ub2f9 \ub4f1 \ub2e4\ub978 \uad8c\ub825\uae30\uad00\uc774 \ud589\uc815\ubd80 \uc218\uc7a5\uc744 \uc798 \uacac\uc81c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218\uac00 \ub192\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ubbf8\uc580\ub9c8\ub294 2016\ub144 \ubb38\ubbfc\uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc120\ucd9c\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c 2014\ub144 \u20133\uc810\uc774\uc5c8\ub358 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c\uc810\uc218(-10\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c 10\uc810)\uac00 2016\ub144 8\uc810\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc5ec \ub192\uc740 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uccb4\uc81c\uac00 \ub2ec\uc131\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \ubc18\uba74, Freedom House(0\uc5d0\uc11c 100\uc810)\ub294 26\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c 28\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \ud070 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, Economist\uc9c0\uc758 Democracy Index\ub294 3.05\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c 4.2\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uc2b9\ud558\uc5ec \uad8c\uc704\uc8fc\uc758 \uccb4\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud63c\ud569\uccb4\uc81c\ub85c \ubd84\ub958\ub418\ub294 \uae0d\uc815\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, Polity 5\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud070 \uc810\uc218 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. Polity 5\uc758 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc740 \uad8c\ub825\uae30\uad00, \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uccb4\uc81c\uc758 \uc131\ub9bd \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc911\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \ub454 \ubcf8 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c, Freedom House\uc640 Economist\uc9c0\uc758 Democracy Index \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 Poliy 5\uc758 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uccb4\uc81c \uc810\uc218\ub97c \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \ucc99\ub3c4\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>1)\u00a0https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/reports\/freedom-world\/freedom-world-research-methodology<\/p>\n<p>2)\u00a0http:\/\/www.eiu.com\/Handlers\/WhitepaperHandler.ashx?fi=Democracy-Index-2019.pdf&amp;mode=wp&amp;campaignid=democracyindex2019<\/p>\n<p>3)\u00a0http:\/\/www.systemicpeace.org\/inscr\/p5manualv2018.pdf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc815\uce58\uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c? \uc815\uce58\uccb4\uc81c\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub294 \uc624\ub798\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc624\ub798\ub41c \uc9c0\ud45c\uc911\uc758 \ud558\ub098\ub294 1972\ub144 Freedom House\uc758 \u201cThe Comparative Study of Freedom\u201d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac(political rights)\uc640 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720(civil liberties)\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\ud45c\ud55c Freedom in the World \uc9c0\ud45c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub294 125\uba85\uc758 \ubd84\uc11d\uac00\uc640 40\uba85\uc758 \uc790\ubb38\ub2e8\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \uac80\ud1a0\uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub41c\ub2e4. 2018\ub144 \uc9c0\ud45c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 10\uac1c\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\ud45c\uc640 15\uac1c\uc758 \uc2dc\ubbfc\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc640 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4809","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4809"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4810,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4809\/revisions\/4810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}