{"id":4638,"date":"2020-09-17T16:44:25","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T07:44:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/?p=4638"},"modified":"2020-10-08T09:20:19","modified_gmt":"2020-10-08T00:20:19","slug":"%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%97%8c%eb%b2%95-%ea%b5%ad%ea%b0%80-%ec%9d%b8%eb%8f%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/?p=4638","title":{"rendered":"\uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uc81c\uc77c\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uad6d\uac00, \uc778\ub3c4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\uac15\uacbd\uc120<\/strong>(\ubc29\uc1a1\ud1b5\uc2e0\ub300\ud559\uad50)<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud55c\ud574\uc11c \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc218\uc900\uc740 \ubd84\uba85 \ucd5c\uc815\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc11c \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc758\uc544\ud574\ud560 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub3c4 \uc788\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc774 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub41c \uacf3\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uacfc \uc778\ub3c4\ubfd0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\ub3c4 \uacfc\uc5b8\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub450 \ub098\ub77c \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310 \ud65c\ub3d9\ub9cc \ubcf4\uba74 \ud55c\uad6d\uc774 \uc55e\uc11c\ub098, \ud5cc\ubc95\uaddc\ubc94\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucda9\uc2e4\ub3c4(faithfulness)\uc758 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\uac00 \uc6d4\ub4f1 \ub192\uc544 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub9cc\ud07c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc81c\uc815 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uad6d\uc815\uc6b4\uc601\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucca0\uc800\ud788 \uc785\ud5cc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc778 \ub098\ub77c\ub97c \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucc3e\uc544\ubcfc \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \uac83 \uac19\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub9cc \ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uace8\uc218 \uc758\uc6d0\ub0b4\uac01\uc81c \uad6d\uac00\uc774\ub2e4. \ud754\ud788 \uc815\uce58\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ub0b4\uac01\uc81c\ub97c \uc2dc\ud589\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc57c \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc815\ubd80 \ud615\ud0dc\ub77c\uace0 \uc124\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 1960\ub144 4\u00b719\ud601\uba85 \uc9c1\ud6c4 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc120 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c 1\ub144\uac04 \uc758\uc6d0\ub0b4\uac01\uc81c\ub97c \uc2dc\ud589\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc2e4\ud328 \uc0ac\ub840\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \ud55c\uad6d \uad6d\ubbfc\ub4e4\uc740 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc81c\ub97c \uc120\ud638\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 1950\ub144 \uad6d\uac00\ucd9c\ubc94 \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud55c \ubc88\ub3c4 \uc608\uc678 \uc5c6\uc774 \ub0b4\uac01\ucc45\uc784\uc81c\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\uba74 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc778\ub3c4\uc640 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uc815\uce58 \uc218\uc900\uc740 \ub192\ub2e4\uace0 \ud3c9\uac00\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744\uae4c? \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ud638\uc758\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ube48\uace4\uacfc \ubb38\ub9f9, \uc804\uadfc\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uce74\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc81c, \uc5f4\uc545\ud55c \uc5ec\uc131\uacfc \uc544\ub3d9 \uc778\uad8c \ub4f1 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\uc815\uad00\ub150\uc774 \ubd88\uc2dd\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub370\uc11c \uc5f0\uc720\ud558\ub9ac\ub77c \ubcf8\ub2e4. \uc6cc\ub099 \uc778\uad6c\uc218\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub098\ub77c\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud558\ub8e8\uc544\uce68\uc5d0 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc18c\ub4dd\uc774 \uba87\ub9cc \ubd88 \ub418\uace0 \uc778\uad8c\ubcf4\uc7a5\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c \uacf3\uacf3\uc73c\ub85c \uc2a4\uba70\ub4e4\uae30\ub97c \uae30\ub300\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, \uad6d\uc81c \uc704\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ube44\ub840\ud574\uc11c \ud5a5\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc885\uc804\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub192\uc740 \uad00\uc2ec\uacfc \ud3c9\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \uc1c4\ub3c4\ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ub9dd\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud558\ub2e4(sui generis). \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8 \ud615\uc2dd\uc801 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc6b4\uc601\uc0c1\uc758 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc5d0 \uc9d1\uc911\ud574\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc785\ud5cc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \uc0b4\ud53c\uace0\uc790 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uae00\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \uacf3\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95\uacfc\uc758 \ube44\uad50\uac00 \ub530\ub97c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4639\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4639\" style=\"width: 655px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image01-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4639\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image01-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"655\" height=\"920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image01-1.png 655w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image01-1-214x300.png 214w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image01-1-299x420.png 299w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4639\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\uce98\ub9ac\uadf8\ub798\ud53c\ub85c \uc7a5\uc2dd\ud55c \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95 \ud45c\uc9c0<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae4a\uc740 \uc778\uc2dd\uacfc \uc874\uc911<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud55c\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 1948\ub144 5\uc6d4 10\uc77c \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c \ucd1d\uc120\uac70\uac00 \uc2e4\uc2dc\ub418\uace0 \uadf8 \ud6c4 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub4a4\uc778 7\uc6d4 12\uc77c\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud68c\ub97c \ud1b5\uacfc\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 7\uc6d4 17\uc77c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uacf5\ud3ec\ud55c \ub4a4 \uc774\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud574 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\ub3c4 \uc120\ucd9c\ud558\uace0(\uad6d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c), \uc815\ubd80\uc870\uc9c1\ubc95\ub3c4 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 8\uc6d4 15\uc77c \uc815\ubd80\uc218\ub9bd\uc77c \uae30\ub150\uc2dd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud5cc\uc5d0\uc11c \uad6d\uac00\ucd9c\ubc94\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774 3\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub0a8\uc9d3\uc5d0 \ub05d\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, 2\ucc28 \ub300\uc804\uc774 \ub05d\ub098\uba74\uc11c \uc601\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc740 \uae30\uc815\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc778\ub3c4\uc640 \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4\uc758 \ubd84\ub2e8\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c \uacfc\uc81c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\uccb4\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc5d0 \uc55e\uc11c 1946\ub144 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c \uc758\uc6d0 \ucd1d\uc120\uac70\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\ud588\uace0 \uadf8\ud574 12\uc6d4 9\uc77c \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\ub97c \uc18c\uc9d1\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4ec\ud574 1947\ub144 8\uc6d4 15\uc77c \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4. \ubd84\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\ubd80 \uc9c0\uc5ed \ub300\ud45c\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad50\uccb4 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc81c\ud5cc\ud68c\uc758\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud5cc\ubc95\uc548\uc740 \uac1c\uc6d0 \uc57d 3\ub144 \ub9cc\uc778 1949\ub144 11\uc6d4 26\uc77c\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\ub97c \ud1b5\uacfc\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud1b5\uacfc\ud55c \uc774 \ub0a0\uc744 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u2018\ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ub0a0\u2019(the Constitution Day)\ub85c \uae30\ub150\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub098\ub77c\ub294 \uc81c\ud5cc\uad6d\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774 \ud1b5\uacfc\ub41c 7\uc6d4 12\uc77c\uc744 \uc544\ubb34\ub3c4 \uae30\uc5b5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4(\uc624\uc9c1 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc804\ubb38\uc5d0\ub9cc \uae30\ub85d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4!). \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc778\uc2dd(awareness)\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc6d4\ub4f1 \ub192\uc740 \uac83\uc740 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc808\uc740 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uacf5\ud3ec\uc77c\uc778 7\uc6d4 17\uc77c\uc774\ub2e4. \u2018\uc81c\ud5cc\u2019\uc774\ub780 \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \uc138\uc6b4\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud5cc\uc808\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uac74\uad6d\uc808\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uacf5\ud3ec\uc77c\uc740 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc758\uacb0\ub41c 11\uc6d4 26\uc77c\ubd80\ud130 2\uac1c\uc6d4 \ub4a4\uc778 1950\ub144 1\uc6d4 26\uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub0a0 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uacf5\ud3ec\ud588\uace0 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc774\ub0a0\uc744 \uacf5\ud654\uad6d\uc758 \ub0a0(Republic Day)\ub85c \uc120\ud3ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac74\uad6d\uc77c\uc774 \ub41c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc65c 1\uc6d4 26\uc77c\ub85c \uc7a1\uc558\ub0d0\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 3\uc6d4 1\uc77c\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc9c0 \uc2dc\uc808 1930\ub144 \uad6d\ubbfc\ud68c\uc758 \ub77c\ud638\ub974 \ub300\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \uacb0\uc758\ud588\ub358 \u2018\uc644\uc804\ub3c5\ub9bd\uc758 \ub0a0\u2019 (Purana Swaraj Day)\uc744 \uae30\ub150\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc81c\uc815\uacfc \uacf5\ud3ec, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uac74\uad6d \uadf8 \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098\ub3c4 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ub193\uce58\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub358 \uac83\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uac74\uad6d\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud55c \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc9c0\uc131\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\uace0 \ud2b9\ud788 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ud574\uc640 \uc874\uc911\uc2ec\uc774 \ucef8\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\uad6d\ubbfc <\/b><b>\u2018<\/b><b>\ud1b5\ud569<\/b><b>\u2019<\/b><b>\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc81c\uc815<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uc758\uc758 \uc911\uc758 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569(integration)\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc81c\uc815 \uc2dc\uae30\ub294 \uad8c\ub825\ud22c\uc7c1\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc2ec\ud55c \ub54c\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ub290 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc774 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758 \uc8fc\ub3c4\uad8c\uc744 \uc7a1\ub290\ub0d0, \ub610\ud55c \uc81c\ud5cc \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ub204\uac00 \uc9d1\uad8c\uc744 \ud558\ub290\ub0d0\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ucca8\uc608\ud558\uac8c \ub300\ub450\ub418\ub294 \uaca9\ubcc0\uae30\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \uc81c\ud5cc \uacfc\uc815\ub3c4 \uc608\uc678\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc2ec\ud55c \uad8c\ub825 \uac08\ub4f1\uc740 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uac04\ub514\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uac00 \ud070 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd10\uc57c \ud560 \uac83 \uac19\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc758 \uc808\ub300\uc801 \uce74\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub9c8\uac00 \ubc30\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc9d1\ub2e8 \uac04 \uc774\uc804\ud22c\uad6c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uace0 \uc9c8\uc11c\uac00 \uc130\ub2e4. \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc6b4\ub3d9\uac00 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uac04\ub514\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \ud6c4\uacc4\uc790\ub85c \ub124\ub8e8\ub97c \ub0b4\uc138\uc6b0\uace0 \uac74\uad6d \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\ub294 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \uc790\uc640\ud560\ub784 \ub124\ub8e8\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub9cc\ud55c \uacbd\ub825\uacfc \uc9c0\uc131\uacfc \ub355\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uac04\ub514\uc758 \ud6c4\uad11\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc740 \ub354\uc6b1 \uacf5\uace0\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\ub4ef \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \uc790\uc81c\ub825\uacfc \ud611\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uac74\uad6d\uc758 \uacb0\uc2e4\uc744 \uc774\ub8ec \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ub208\uc5d0 \ub744\ub294 \uc774\uac00 \ud30c\ud154(Vallabbai Patel)\uc774\ub2e4. \u2018\ucca0\uc778\u2019(iron man)\uc774\ub780 \ubcc4\uba85\uc774 \ubd99\uc5c8\ub358 \uadf8\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\ub97c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc5f0\ubc29\uad6d\uac00\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud601\ud601\ud55c \uacf5\uc744 \uc138\uc6b4 \uc778\ubb3c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub124\ub8e8\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc790\uc600\uace0, \ub124\ub8e8\uac00 \ucd1d\ub9ac\uc77c \ub54c \ub0b4\ubb34\uc7a5\uad00\uacfc \ubd80\ucd1d\ub9ac\ub97c \uc5ed\uc784\ud55c \ubc14 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \ubaa8\ub514 \ucd1d\ub9ac\ub294 \ud30c\ud154\uc758 \uc778\ubb3c\uc744 \ub192\uc774 \uae30\ub9ac\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 182m\uc758 \ub3d9\uc0c1\uc744 \uadf8\uc758 \uace0\ud5a5\uc778 \uad6c\uc790\ub77c\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6e0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4640\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4640\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4640\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1424\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1-211x300.png 211w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1-768x1094.png 768w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1-719x1024.png 719w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1-696x991.png 696w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image02-1-295x420.png 295w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4640\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud30c\ud154\uacfc \uc0ac\ub85c\uc9c0\ub2c8 \ub098\uc774\ub450(Sarojini Naidu)<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: Ministry of Earth Science (moes.gov.in)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774 \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub358 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc801 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uad00\uc6a9\uacfc \ub355(virtue)\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ucef8\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud5cc\uc744 \uc55e\uc7a5\uc11c\uc11c \uc774\ub04c\uc5c8\ub358 \ub124\ub8e8\uac00 \uc554\ubca0\ub4dc\uce74\ub974\ub97c \ud5cc\ubc95\uae30\ucd08\uc704\uc6d0\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc704\ucd09\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc774\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud55c \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\ub2e4. \uc554\ubca0\ub4dc\uce74\ub974\uac00 \ub204\uad6c\uc778\uac00? \uadf8\ub294 \ubd88\uac00\ucd09\ucc9c\ubbfc \ucd9c\uc2e0\uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc6a9\ucf00 \uc720\ud559 \uac08 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5b4 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc778\ub3c4\uc778 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\ub9c8\ub3c4 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud654\ub824\ud55c \ud559\ubc8c\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \uc778\ubb3c\uc774\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d \uceec\ub7fc\ube44\uc544\ub300\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uc744, \uc601\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\ud638\uc0ac\ub85c \uc2e4\ub825\uc744 \uc313\uc558\ub358 \uadf8\ub294 \uadc0\uad6d\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uce74\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc81c\ub3c4\uc758 \ubd88\ud3c9\ub4f1\uc5d0 \ub9de\uc130\ub2e4. \uacb0\uad6d \uadf8\uac00 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\ub358 \ubd88\uac00\ucd09\ucc9c\ubbfc\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ubd84\ub9ac\uc120\uac70\uad6c\ub97c \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc815\ubd80\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc5bb\uc5b4\ub0c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3c9\ub4f1\uc758 \uc885\uad50\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74\uc11c \ud78c\ub450\uad50\ub97c \ubc84\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd88\uad50\ub85c \uc804\ud5a5\ud55c \uc720\uba85\ud55c \uc77c\ud654\ub97c \ub0a8\uae30\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uba87 \ucc28\ub840 \uac04\ub514\uc640 \uc815\uba74\uc73c\ub85c \ucda9\ub3cc\ud558\uace0 \ub300\uacb0\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uadf8\uc758 \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 \uac04\ub514\ub97c \ubaa8\uc2dc\ub358 \uad6d\ubbfc\ud68c\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8\uc5d0\uac8c \ud5cc\ubc95\uae30\ucd08\uc704\uc6d0\uc7a5\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc911\ucc45\uc744 \uc704\ucd09\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ubc1c\uc0c1 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ub300\ub2e8\ud788 \ud68d\uae30\uc801\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \ucc28\ub840 \uace0\uc0ac\ud55c \ub05d\uc5d0 \uc554\ubca0\ub4dc\uce74\ub974\ub294 \uc774 \uc790\ub9ac\ub97c \ub9c8\uc9c0\ubabb\ud574 \ub9e1\uc558\ub2e4. \ub9e1\uace0 \ub098\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubd88\ud3c9\uc740 \uac70\ub4ed\ub420 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \uac1c\uc131\uc774 \uac15\ud55c \uc778\ubb3c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 \uc7a5\uad00\uc9c1\ub3c4 \ub9e1\uc558\ub2e4. \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ud22c\uc7c1\uc774\ub098 \uac08\ub4f1, \uc54c\ub825\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc2ec\ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub358 \uc774 \uc2dc\uc808\uc5d0 \uac70\uc758 \uc801\ub300 \uc9c4\uc601\uc5d0 \uc11c \uc788\ub294 \uc778\uc0ac\ub4e4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc81c\ud5cc \uacfc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ud488\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uc804 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\ub41c \uc791\ud488\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc81c\ud5cc\uacfc \uac74\uad6d \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc815\uce58\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc5f4\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uac00\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\uba74 \uc778\ub3c4\uac00 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc8fc\ub294 \uad50\ud6c8\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub9ce\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\ub4ef \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc \ub611\uac19\uc774 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uacfc \uc81c\ud5cc\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\ub358 \uc778\ubb3c\ub4e4\uc744 \u2018\uac74\uad6d\uc758 \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub4e4\u2019(Founding Fathers)\ub85c \uc138\uc6cc \ub192\uc774 \uc874\uacbd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4641\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4641\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4641\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1-768x539.png 768w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1-100x70.png 100w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1-696x489.png 696w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image03-1-598x420.png 598w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4641\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\uc554\ubca0\ub4dc\uce74\ub974\uac00 \ud504\ub77c\uc0ac\ub4dc(Rajendra Prasad)\uc5d0\uac8c \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uc804\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \uc7a5\uba74\uc758 \ubd80\uc870<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: Creative Commons<br \/>\uc800\uc790: \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0939\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0933\u0947<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\u2018<\/b><b>\ubaa8\uc790\uc774\ud06c<\/b><b>\u2019<\/b><b>\uc5d0\uc11c <\/b><b>\u2018<\/b><b>\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc870\uac01\ubcf4<\/b><b>\u2019<\/b><b>\ub85c <\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0\ub294 \ub3c5\ucc3d\uc801 \ud5cc\ubc95\uacfc \ubaa8\ubc29\uc801 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc0c1 \uc18c\uc218\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0(\uc608\ucee8\ub300, \ubbf8\uad6d\ud5cc\ubc95, \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\ud5cc\ubc95, \ub7ec\uc2dc\uc544 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758\ud5cc\ubc95, \ub3c5\uc77c \ubc14\uc774\ub9c8\ub974 \uacf5\ud654\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95)\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \uad6d\uac00\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub098\ub77c\ub4e4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ubaa8\ubc29\ud574\uc11c \uc790\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uc81c\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ubc29\uc801 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\ub77c \ud574\uc11c \ubd80\ub044\ub7ec\uc6cc\ud560 \ud544\uc694\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \uc778\ub958\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \uc720\uc0b0\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc624\ub79c \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc774 \ub098\ub77c \uc800 \ub098\ub77c\uc758 \ubaa8\ubc94\uc0ac\ub840\ub4e4\uc774 \uce74\ud0c8\ub85c\uadf8\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uc870\uc131\ub41c \uac74\ucd95\ubb3c\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \ud559\uc790\ub4e4 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \u2018\uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6b4 \uc870\uac01\ubcf4\u2019(beautiful patchwork)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub800\ub2e4. 1949\ub144 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 395\uac1c\uc758 \uc870\ubb38\uacfc 8\uac1c\uc758 \ubd80\uce59\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc138\uacc4\ucd5c\uc7a5\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc804\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0, \uc774 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 465\uac1c \uc870\ubb38, 12\uac1c\uc758 \ubd80\uce59\uc73c\ub85c \ub354\uc6b1 \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac1c\ud601\uacfc \uc81c\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac70\ud574\uc11c \uc2dc\ud589\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4642\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4642\" style=\"width: 1102px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4642\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1102\" height=\"719\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04.png 1102w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-768x501.png 768w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-1024x668.png 1024w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-696x454.png 696w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-1068x697.png 1068w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image04-644x420.png 644w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1102px) 100vw, 1102px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4642\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc900 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: \u24d2Diverse+Asia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc554\ubca0\ub4dc\uce74\ub974\ub294 \u201c\uc804 \uc138\uacc4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0c5\uc0c5\uc774 \uc870\uc0ac\ud55c(ransacking) \uc5f0\ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud5cc\ubc95 \ud2c0\uc744 \uc9f0\ub2e4.\u201d\uace0 \ud68c\uace0\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud0c1\uc0c1\uacf5\ub860\ub9cc \ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc1c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ub6f0\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uc720\uc9c4\uc624 \uc120\uc0dd\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\ub358 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc790\ubb38\uad00 \ub77c\uc6b0(B.N. Rau)\uac00 \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ubc95\ub960\uac00\ub85c\uc11c, \ud310\uc0ac\ub85c\uc11c, \ud5cc\ubc95\ud559\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \uc720\ub7fd\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc774\ub860\ub4e4\uc744 \uc12d\ub835\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc81c\ud5cc\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4. \ub178\ub825\uc758 70%\ub294 \uc5f0\ubc29\uacfc \uc8fc\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\uc744 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \uc9dc\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc77c\uc740 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c 1935\ub144\uc758 \uff62\uc778\ub3c4\uc815\ubd80\ubc95\uff63\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ud588\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c\uc870\ud56d\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc7a5\uc804\uc5d0\uc11c \uc218\uc6a9\ud558\uace0, \ubcf5\uc9c0\uad6d\uac00\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uad6d\uac00\uc815\ucc45\uc758 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc6d0\ub9ac(Directive Principles of State Policy)\ub77c\ub294 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \uc758\uc6d0\ub0b4\uac01\uc81c \uc815\ubd80\ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc601\uad6d \ud1b5\uce58 \uc544\ub798\uc11c \uc775\uc219\ud588\ub358 \uac83\ub4e4\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uacfc \ubd80\ud1b5\ub839\uc81c\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc600\ub2e4. \uc5f0\ubc29\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uc5f0\ubc29\uacfc \uc8fc\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uad00\uacc4\uc640 \uad8c\ud55c\ubc30\ubd84\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud788 \uce90\ub098\ub2e4\uc758 \uac83\uc744 \uc218\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ud5cc\ubc95 \ubd80\uce59 \uc81c7\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c \uaddc\uc815\ud55c \ud1b5\uc0c1, \uad50\uc5ed, \uc655\ub798\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uacfc \uc758\ud68c\ud2b9\uad8c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc5f0\ubc29\uacfc \uc8fc\uc758 \ubcd1\ud589\ubaa9\ub85d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc624\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc77c\ub9ac\uc544 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ub530\ub978 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \ube44\uc0c1\uc870\uce58\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c \uc81c\ud55c \uad8c\ud55c\uc740 \ub3c5\uc77c \ubc14\uc774\ub9c8\ub974\ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ubaa8\ub378\ub85c \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uc758\ubb34\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc870\ud56d\uc740 \uc18c\ub828\ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ucc38\uc870\ud588\ub2e4. \uc790\uc720, \ud3c9\ub4f1, \ubc15\uc560\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc774\ub150\uc740 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc720\ub798\ud588\uace0, \uac1c\ud5cc\uc808\ucc28\uc640 \uc0c1\uc6d0 \uc120\ucd9c \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ub0a8\uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ucc28\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ubc95\uccb4\uacc4\uc640 \ubc95\uc870\ubb38\ud654\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \ubcf4\ud1b5\ubc95(common law) \uc804\ud1b5\uc5d0 \uc11c \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ud604\ub300 \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uc601\uad6d\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \ubbf8\uad6d\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\ub300\ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub300\ub959\ubc95\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758\ubc95\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uac00\ubbf8\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub77c \ub9d0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\uacfc \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc740 \uc11c\uad6c\uc758 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub098\ub77c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ucc28\uc6a9\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9 \ub300\uc0c1\uc740 \uc778\ub3c4\uc600\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc678\uad6d\uacfc\ub294 \ud310\uc774\ud55c \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud1a0\ucc29\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0b0\uc801\ud574 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uace0\ubbfc\uacfc \ud574\ubc95\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \ube48\uace4\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uc815\uc758, \uc885\uad50\uc640 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131, \uc18c\uc218 \ubd80\uc871, \uce74\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc640 \ud6c4\uc9c4\uacc4\uae09 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ud0c0\uc758 \uad6d\uac00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacbd\ud5d8\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \ubc30\ub824\uac00 \ub2f4\uaca8 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc218\uc218\uaed8\ub07c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ub09c\ud574\ud55c \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc5b4\ub290 \ud558\ub098 \ud3ec\uae30\ud568\uc774 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc778\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc5d0 \uc62e\uacbc\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uad6c\uccb4\ud654 \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774 \uc218\ubc18\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4643\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4643\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4643\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"724\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1-768x556.png 768w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1-324x235.png 324w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1-696x504.png 696w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image05-1-580x420.png 580w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4643\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>1946\ub144 12\uc6d4 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: Ministry of Earth Science (moes.gov.in)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801<\/b><b>: <\/b><b>\uac74\uad6d\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\uc758 \ud0a4\ub97c \uc7a1\uc558\ub358 \ub124\ub8e8\ub294 \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\uc5d0 \u2018\ubaa9\uc801 \uacb0\uc758\u2019(Objectives Resolution)\ub97c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud601\uba85\uc758 \ubaa9\ud45c\uc5d0 \ubd09\ud5cc\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uba87\ubc31 \ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0 \ucc3e\uc544\uc628 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc774\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uac74\uad6d\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601 \ub450 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud574\uc57c\ub9cc \ud588\ub2e4. \ub124\ub8e8\ub294 \uc774 \uac70\ub300\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\uc758 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc758\ud68c\uac00 \uc8fc\ub3c4\ud560 \uac83\uc744 \uc608\uc0c1\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uad6d\ubbfc\ud68c\uc758\ub294 \uc720\uc77c\uc815\ub2f9\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \ub9cc\ud07c \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uc808\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8 \uc758\ud68c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc740 \ud604\uc2e4\uc131 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\ud68d\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub124\ub8e8\ub294 \uc601\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc601\uad6d \uc815\uce58\uc640 \ubc95\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc775\uc219\ud574 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc6d0\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub9c9\uac15\ud55c \ud798\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\ud601\ubc95\ub960\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uac1c\ud601\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub9ac\ub77c\uace0 \ucd94\uc0b0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac74\uad6d\uc740 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\uace0, \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc740 \ubd09\uac74\uc81c\uc758 \ud3d0\uc9c0\uc640 \ube48\ubd80\uaca9\ucc28\ub97c \ud574\uc18c\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud1a0\uc9c0\uac1c\ud601\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec\uacfc\uc81c\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud574\uc11c \uc758\ud68c\uc758 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc774 \ubc1c\ub3d9\ub418\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ucc44\ud0dd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989 \uacbd\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uacfc \uc5f0\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc6d0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uacbd\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \ud5cc\ubc95\uac1c\uc815\uc744 \uae4c\ub2e4\ub86d\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\uace0, \uc5f0\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18 \uad6d\ud68c\uc758 \uc808\ucc28\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uac1c\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4. \uac1c\ud5cc\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad6d\ubbfc\ud22c\ud45c\ub97c \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uacbd\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95\uc804\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc601\uad6d\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0 \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc740 \uc77c\uccb4 \uacbd\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \u2018\uc5f0\uc131\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4(more flexible than rigid)\u2019 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ud0dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ub124\ub8e8 \ub4f1 \ucd08\ucc3d\uae30 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc14\ub85c \uc5f0\uc131\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uacb0\ud569\ud574\uc11c \uc758\ud68c \uc8fc\ub3c4\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc744 \ud560 \uc791\uc815\uc744 \ud588\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1950\ub144 1\uc6d4 \ubc1c\ud6a8\ub41c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 1\ub144 \ud6c4 \uc81c1\ucc28 \uac1c\ud5cc\uc744 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc740 \uc548\uc815\ub41c \uad6d\uac00\uac74\uc124\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc2dc\uae09\ud588\ub358 \ud1a0\uc9c0\uac1c\ud601\uacfc \ud6c4\uc9c4\uacc4\uae09(backward class)\uc758 \ubcf4\ud638, \uc18c\ube44\uc5d0\ud2b8 \uacf5\uc0b0\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \ud45c\ud604\uc758 \uc790\uc720\uc5d0 \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \ub450\ub294 \uac1c\ud5cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc740 \uc790\ubbfc\ub2e4\ub9ac(\uc9c0\uc8fc\uc81c) \ud3d0\uc9c0 \uc785\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubb34\uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc778 \uba74\ucc45\ud2b9\uad8c\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc9c0\uc8fc \uce21\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc18\ub300\uc758 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc774 \uc81c\uae30\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95\uc0c1\uc758 \uc7ac\uc0b0\uad8c \uce68\ud574\ub77c\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub2e4. \uc758\ud68c\ub3c4 \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub294 \uc785\ubc95\uad8c\ud55c\uc740 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba70, \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc774\ub77c \ud574\ub3c4 \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ubc95\ub960 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \uc8fc\uc7a5\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud574\uc11c \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uac1c\ud601\uc785\ubc95\uc774 \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uc640\uc758 \uac08\ub4f1\uad00\uacc4\ub85c \ube44\ud654\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc81c1\ucc28 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\uc758 \uc81c\uae30\ub294 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 5\uba85 \uc7ac\ud310\uad00 \uc804\uc6d0\uc77c\uce58\ub85c \uae30\uac01\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc678\uacac\uc0c1 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc758\ud68c\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc740 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud574\uac14\ub2e4. \uc815\uce58\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uc694\ub78c\uc774 \uc758\ud68c\ub77c\uba74 \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\ub294 \ubc95\ub960\uac00\ub4e4\uc758 \uc694\ub78c\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c5\ub9bd\uacfc \uac74\uad6d \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc758\ud68c \uc815\uce58\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ud06c\uac8c \ubcf4\uc600\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc81c\ud5cc \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\ub294 \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uace0\uc720\uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uac00 \uc6d0\ub798 \ubcf4\uc218\uc801\uc774\uae30\ub294 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubc95\uad00\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc95\uc758 \ub17c\ub9ac\ub97c \ubcc4\ub3c4\ub85c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uacb0\uad6d, \uc815\uce58\uc778\ub4e4\uacfc \ubc95\ub960\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\ub9bd\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ub807\ub4ef \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ubc31\ubbf8\ub294 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub97c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac(sovereignty of the parliament)\ub780 \uc601\uad6d\ub9cc\uc774 \uac00\uc9c4 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc804\ud1b5\uc774\ub2e4. \uc601\uad6d\uc740 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \uba3c\uc800 \ubc1c\ub2ec\ud588\ub294\ub370, 1689\ub144 \uad8c\ub9ac\uc7a5\uc804 \uc0ac\uac74\uc744 \uacc4\uae30\ub85c \uad70\uc8fc\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc8fc\uad8c\uc740 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \ub300\ud45c\uae30\uad00\uc778 \uc758\ud68c\uac00 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \uc6d0\uce59\uc744 \ud655\ub9bd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc601\uad6d\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud5cc\ubc95\uad6d\uac00\ub85c\uc11c, \ubc95\ub960\uc774 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \ubc95\uc774\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc758\ud68c\ubc95\ub960\uc774 \ucd5c\uc0c1\uc758 \ubc95\ub960\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \uc2dd\ubbfc\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c5\ub9bd\ud55c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc740 \uc601\uad6d\ubc95 \uc804\ud1b5\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\uc744 \ub450\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uae38\uc744 \uac78\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc758\ud68c \ubc95\ub960\uc774\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc704\ubc30\ub418\uba74 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub77c\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c(judicial review)\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc704\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uc6d0\ud55c \uc81c\ub3c4\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub294 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc601\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc788\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc81c\ub3c4\uc774\uace0 \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95 \uad6d\uac00\uc778 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub098 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc601\uad6d\uc758 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc81c\ub3c4 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uace0 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub3c4 \uc218\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uc131\ubb38\ud5cc\ubc95 \uad6d\uac00\uc774\uae30 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\ub294 \ubb34\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\uc640 \uacf5\uc874\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uc228\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc0c1\ucda9\ud558\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \ubb34\uae30\ub85c \uc0bc\uc544 \uc758\ud68c\uc640 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0 \uac04\uc5d0 \ubc8c\uc778 \uc9c4\uac80\uc2b9\ubd80\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\uc815\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud765\ubbf8\ub86d\uace0 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc7a5\uba74\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud5cc\ubc95\uac1c\uc815\ubc95\ub960(\uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960)\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc77c\ub2e8 \uaddc\uc815\ub418\uba74 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uace0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc77c\ubc18 \uc758\ud68c\ubc95\ub960\uacfc\ub294 \ubd84\uba85 \uc131\uaca9\uc774 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4. 1967\ub144 \uc778\ub514\ub77c \uac04\ub514\uac00 \uc9d1\uad8c\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \uad6d\uc720\ud654 \uacbd\uc81c\uc815\ucc45\uc774 \uc2dc\ud589\ub418\uc790 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc758\ud68c\uc758 \uac1c\ud5cc\uad8c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc885\uc804\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \ud574\uc11d\uc744 \ub0b4\ub193\uc558\ub2e4. \uc989, \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c\uc740 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ucd95\uc18c \ub610\ub294 \uc0ad\uc81c\ub420 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc785\uc7a5\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4(\uace8\ub77d \ub098\ud2b8 \ud310\uacb0). 1971\ub144 \uc758\ud68c\ub294 \uc81c24\ucc28, \uc81c25\ucc28 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960 \uc81c\uc815\uc744 \ud558\uc5ec \uace8\ub77d \ub098\ud2b8 \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubb34\ub825\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc740 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uaddc\uc815\ub3c4 \uc218\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uadf8 \uc694\uc9c0\uc600\ub2e4. 1973\ub144 \ucf00\uc0ac\ubc14\ub09c\ub4dc \ud310\uacb0\uc740 \uc758\ud68c\uc758 \uc785\uc7a5\uc744 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uc9c0\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc804\ud600 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub17c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub367\ubd99\uc600\ub2e4. \uc989, \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uac1c\ud5cc\uad8c\uc740 \uc808\ub300\uc801\uc774\uba70 \ubb34\uc81c\ud55c\uc801\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \ub3d9\uc758\ud558\ub098, \uc758\ud68c\uac00 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \u2018\uae30\ubcf8\uad6c\uc870\u2019(basic structure)\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uad8c\ud55c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc778\uc815\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\ub294 \uc758\uacac\uc744 \ub0b4\ub193\uc558\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\uc790 \uc758\ud68c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc 1976\ub144 \uc81c42\ucc28 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \uc758\ud558\uc5ec \u201c\uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc758 \ud6a8\ub825\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubc95\uc6d0\ub3c4 \uc5ec\ud558\ud55c \uc774\uc720\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc2ec\uc0ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4.\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ubabb \ubc15\uc544 \ubc84\ub838\ub2e4. \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uad8c\uc758 \ubc30\uc81c\ub97c \uc120\uc5b8\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\ub3c4 \uc774\uc5d0 \ub9de\uc130\ub2e4. 1980\ub144 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc740 \uc81c42\ucc28 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc758 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac \ubc30\uc81c\uc870\ud56d\uc740 \uac1c\ud5cc\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubc30\ucc99\ub420 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \u2018\ud575\uc2ec\uc0ac\ud56d\u2019(basic features)\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba70 \uac1c\ud5cc\ubc95\ub960\uc744 \ubb34\ud6a8\ub85c \uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uc600\ub2e4(\ubbf8\ub124\ub974\ubc14 \uc9c1\ubb3c\uacf5\uc7a5 \ud310\uacb0). \ud5cc\ubc95\uac1c\uc815\uad8c\ub825\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uac00 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ud655\uc778\ud55c \uc138\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc804\ub840 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud574\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc0ac\ubc95\uad8c\uc758 \ud1b5\uc81c\ub97c \ubc1b\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4(\uac15\uacbd\uc120, 2020).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\ub807\ub4ef \uc758\ud68c\uc640 \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uc758 \uac01\ucd95\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc774\ub860\uacfc \ud310\ub840\ub294 \uc815\ubc00\ud654 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uac70\ucce4\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc758\ud68c\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4 \uc624\ud788\ub824 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \ub354 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc758 \uc8fc\ub3c4\uad8c\uc744 \uc954 \uac10\uc774 \uc5c6\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub2e4. \ub3c5\ub9bd\uacfc \uac74\uad6d\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\ub358 \uce74\ub9ac\uc2a4\ub9c8\ub97c \uac00\uc84c\ub358 \uc815\uce58\uc778\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 \ud1f4\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \ub09c \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc804\ubb38\uac00 \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc778 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc704\uac00 \uac15\ud654\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub290\uaef4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc0ac\ubc95\uc801\uadf9\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \uad6d\ubbfc\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uad8c \ubcf4\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uae4a\uc219\uc774 \uac1c\uc785\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc758 \ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc790\uc784\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uc124 \ub54c \uc774\ub97c \ube44\ub09c\ud560 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uc544\ubb34\ub3c4 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uac00 \uacf5\uc775\uc18c\uc1a1(public interest litigation)\uc758 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc775\uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\ub798\ud55c \uc81c\ub3c4\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud6e8\uc52c \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud558\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4 \uc0ac\ud68c\uac1c\ud601\uc5d0 \ud070 \uae30\uc5ec\ub97c \ud558\uace0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc0ac\ubc95\ubd80\uc758 \uad8c\uc704\ub97c \uc2e0\uc7a5\uc2dc\ud0a8 \ud68d\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uc81c\ub3c4\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \ud2b9\uc720\uc758 \uace0\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uc778\uad8c\ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4 \ub178\uc608\ub178\ub3d9, \ubc29\uce58\ub41c \uc544\ub3d9\uc778\uad8c, \ub178\ub3d9\ucc29\ucde8, \uac10\uc625\uc778\uad8c, \uacbd\ucc30 \ub4f1 \uad8c\ub825\uae30\uad00\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \ud53c\ud574, \uc5ec\uc131\ud559\ub300, \ub3d9\ub124\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc0ac\uc801 \ud3ed\ub825, \uacf5\ud574\ubb38\uc81c \ub4f1\uc744 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc9c1\uc811 \uac10\ub3c5\ud558\uc5ec \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4644\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4644\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4644\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06.png 1000w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06-768x484.png 768w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06-696x438.png 696w, https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image06-667x420.png 667w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4644\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>1950\ub144 1\uc6d4 24\uc77c, \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c \uc758\uc7a5\uc778 \ub77c\uc820\ub4dc\ub77c \ud504\ub77c\uc0ac\ub4dc\uac00 \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc11c\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/strong><br \/>\ucd9c\ucc98: Ministry of Earth Science (moes.gov.in)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\uc9c4\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub3c4<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud55c\uad6d \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc778\ub3c4\uac00 \uc6d0\ub798\ubd80\ud130 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub098\ub77c\ub85c \uc788\ub2e4\uac00 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ub41c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc548\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uae30\ub098\uae34 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud1b5\uc77c\ub41c \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uac70\uc758 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc601\uad6d \ubc14\ub85c \uc9c1\uc804\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \ubb34\uad74\uc81c\uad6d, \ub610 \uadf8 \uc774\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \uc18c\uae09\ud558\uba74 600\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ud6c4\ubd80\ud130 \uc11c\uc544\uc2dc\uc544\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc774\uc2ac\ub78c \uc138\ub825\uc774 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c4\ub798\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ud78c\ub450\uad50 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \ud1b5\uc77c \uc778\ub3c4\ub85c \ub3c5\ub9bd\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uac74\uad6d\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \u2018\ud1b5\uc77c \uc778\ub3c4!\u2019 \ub9d0\uc740 \uc26c\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uc774\ub8e8\uae30\ub780 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uacb0\uad6d \ud30c\ud0a4\uc2a4\ud0c4, \ubc29\uae00\ub77c\ub370\uc2dc\uac00 \ubd84\ub2e8\ub418\uc5b4 \ub098\uac14\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc778\ub3c4 \ub0b4\ubd80\uc758 \ud1b5\uc77c\uacfc \ud1b5\ud569\ub3c4 \uacb0\ucf54 \ub9cc\ub9cc\uce58 \uc54a\ub358 \uc791\uc5c5\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc601\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c5\ub9bd\ud560 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc778\ub3c4 \uc544\ub300\ub959(\u4e9e\u5927\u9678)\uc758 5\ubd84\uc758 2(\uc778\uad6c\ub85c \ubcf4\uba74 4\ubd84\uc758 1)\uac00 \ud1a0\ud6c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc774\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \uadf8 \uc218\ub294 565\uac1c\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4 \ud1a0\ud6c4\uad6d\uc744 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uad6d\uac00\ub85c \ud1b5\ud569\uc2dc\ud0a8 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubd09\uac74\uc81c\uc801 \uc655\uad6d\uc778 \ud1a0\ud6c4\uad6d\ub4e4\uc740 \uac74\uad6d \uc774\ud6c4 \uc77c\ubc18 \uad6d\ubbfc\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ubaa8\ud574\uc654\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud2b9\ud788 1971\ub144 \uff62\ud1a0\ud6c4\uc9c0\uc704\ubd80\uc778\ubc95\uff63 \uc81c\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ub9c8\uce68\ub0b4 \uc885\uc9c0\ubd80\ub97c \ucc0d\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \ud1a0\ud6c4\uad6d\uc740 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\uae09\ud588\ub358 \ub178\ub828\ud55c \uc815\uce58\uac00 \ud30c\ud154\uc758 \ud5cc\uc2e0\uc801 \ub178\ub825\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5f0\ubc29\uc5d0 \ud3b8\uc785\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud1b5\uc77c\uad6d\uac00\ub77c\ub294 \uac74\uad6d\uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud788 \uc608\uc0c1\ub418\ub294 \ubc14\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\ub4e4\uc774 \uace0\ub824\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc591\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ub098\ub77c\ub294 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc9d1\ub2e8\uc758 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc744 \ub530\ub97c \ub098\ub77c\ub294 \uc5c6\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc740 \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7fd\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uc7a5\uad6c\ud55c \uc5ed\uc0ac \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc0b4\uc544\uc654\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \u2018\ub2e4\uc591\uc131 \uc18d\uc758 \ud1b5\uc77c\u2019(unity in diversity)\uc774\ub77c \ud574\ub3c4 \ubb34\ubc29\ud558\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uc5d0\uc2a4\ub2c9(ethnic) \uc9d1\ub2e8\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5b8\uc5b4, \uc778\uc885, \uc885\uc871, \uce74\uc2a4\ud2b8, \uc885\uad50, \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uae30\ucd08\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4 \uc694\uc18c\uac00 \uc774\uc911, \uc0bc\uc911, \ub2e4\uc911\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\uc6b0\ub7ec\uc838 \ub2e4\ucc44\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc778\ub3c4 \uc0ac\ud68c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc654\ub2e4(S.D. Muni, 2010).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c(federalism)\ub294 \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc744 \uac16\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \ud1b5\ud569\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc801\ud569\ud55c \uc870\uc9c1\uc6d0\ub9ac\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c(\ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c)\uc640\ub294 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \uc5f0\ubc29\uc740 29\uac1c \uc8fc\uc640 7\uac1c\uc758 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc9c1\ud560\uc9c0\uc5ed(Union Territories)\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \uc624\uc9c1 \ud558\ub098\ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uac01 \uc8fc\uac00 \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \uadf8\ub4e4 \uac04\uc758 \ud569\uc758\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uc0c1\ud5a5\uc2dd \uc5f0\ubc29\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\ubd80\ud130 \uc8fc\uc758 \uc790\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ud788\ub824 \uc804\uccb4\ub97c \ud558\ub098\ub85c \ubb36\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uae09\ud588\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc77c\uad6d\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uc5f0\ubc29\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \uac83\ub9cc \ud574\ub3c4 \ub300\ub2e8\ud55c \uc790\uc720\uc640 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc801 \ud1b5\ucc30\ub825\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud55c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e8\uc77c\uad6d\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud55c \uc911\uad6d\uacfc \ub69c\ub837\uc774 \ub300\ube44\ub41c\ub2e4. \ud5a5\ud6c4 \ub450 \ub098\ub77c\uc758 \uadc0\ucd94\uac00 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub418\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc801 \ucc28\uc774\uc810\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uc138\uacc4 \ucd5c\uc7a5\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc804\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\ubc94\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc5f0\ubc29\uacfc \uac01 \uc8fc\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\uacfc \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uc815\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ucc98\uc74c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc29\ub300\ud588\uace0, \ud574\ub97c \uac70\ub4ed\ud560\uc218\ub85d \ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \ub354\uc6b1 \uae38\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4. \ubc95\uc6d0 \uc870\uc9c1\ub3c4 \ub2e8\uc77c\uad6d\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4. \uc989, \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc744 \uc815\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ub2e8\uc77c\uccb4\uacc4\uc758 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc870\uc9c1\uc744 \ucde8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub294 \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc6b0\uc6d4\ud55c \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c \uc989 \uc900(\u6e96)\uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c(quasi-federalism)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc601\ubb38\ud638\uce6d\ub3c4 Federation \ub300\uc2e0 Union\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc4f4\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc81c1\uc870\uc81c1\ud56d\uc740 \u201cIndia, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ud45c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc5f0\ubc29\uc815\ubd80\ub97c \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80(Central Government)\ub85c \ud638\uce6d\ud560 \ub54c\uac00 \ub9ce\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\ud559\uc790\uc778 D.D. Basu\ub3c4 \uc778\ub3c4\uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub294 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\uc640 \ub2e8\uc77c\uad6d\uc758 \ud63c\ud569\ud615\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uad6d\uac00\uc774\uc775\uc774 \ucd5c\uc6b0\uc120\uc2dc\ub41c \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud588\ub2e4(D.D. Basu, 2003).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uce90\ub098\ub2e4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ucc28\uc6a9\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\uac00 \ub41c 1935\ub144 \u2e00\uc778\ub3c4\uc815\ubd80\ubc95\u300d\uc774 1867\ub144\uc758 \uce90\ub098\ub2e4\uc758 \u300cBritish North American Act\u300d\uc744 \ub2f5\uc2b5\ud588\uace0, \uadf8 \ud6c4 \uc81c\ud5cc \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc774 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d \uc720\uc9c0\ud588\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5f0\ubc29\uacfc \uc8fc\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c \ubc30\ubd84\ub3c4 \uce90\ub098\ub2e4\ub098 \uc624\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc77c\ub9ac\uc544\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5f0\ubc29 \uc704\uc8fc\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c\ubc30\ubd84 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ub530\ub790\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \u2018\uac15\ud55c\u2019 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub294 \uacf5\ud1b5\uc758 \uc774\ud574\uad00\uacc4 \uc989, \uad6d\ubc29, \uc678\uad50, \ud654\ud3d0, \uc870\uc138, \uac01 \uc8fc\uac04 \ud1b5\uc0c1\ubb38\uc81c \ub4f1\ub9cc \uc5f0\ubc29\uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uadc0\uc18d\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0, \uc794\uc5ec\uad8c\ud55c\uc740 \uc8fc\uc758 \uad00\ud560\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \u2018\uc57d\ud55c\u2019 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80 \uc704\uc8fc\ub85c \ubc30\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uad00\ud560\uc601\uc5ed\uc744 3\uac1c\uc758 \ubaa9\ub85d\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub204\uace0, \uc989 \uc5f0\ubc29\ubaa9\ub85d, \uc8fc\ubaa9\ub85d, \ubcd1\ud589\ubaa9\ub85d\uc73c\ub85c \uc815\ud55c \ub4a4, \ubcd1\ud589\ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0 \uc5f4\uac70\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc794\uc5ec\uad8c\ud55c\uc740 \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uadc0\uc18d\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ucde8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uc9c0\uc0ac\ub3c4 \uc120\ucd9c\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc784\uba85\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uac74\uad6d\uc758 \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc740 \ud574\uccb4\uc758 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uac15\uad6c\ud588\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\ub294 \uc911\uc559 \uc815\ubd80\uc758 \ud589\uc815 \ud3b8\uc758\uac00 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uace0\ub824\ub418\uc5c8\uace0, \ud2b9\uc815 \uc885\uad50\ub098 \ubb38\ud654\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubc30\ub824\ub97c \ud560 \uc5ec\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e8\uc9c0, \uc815\uce58\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dc\uae09\ud588\ub358 \uc7a0\ubb34\uc640 \uce90\uc2dc\ubbf8\ub974(\uc81c370\uc870, \ubd80\uce594), \ubd81\ub3d9\ubd80\uc758 \ubd80\uc871\ub4e4(\ub098\uac00\uc2a4, \ubbf8\uc870\uc2a4, \ub9c8\ub2c8\ubfcc\ub9ac, \ud2b8\ub9ac\ubfcc\ub77c)\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uaddc\uc815(\uc81c371\uc870, 371A-1)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \ubc30\ub824\ub9cc \ud588\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uc81c\ud5cc\uc758\ud68c\ub294 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \uae30\ucd08\ub85c \ud55c \uc8fc\uc758 \ud3b8\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\uc870\ucc28 \uac70\ubd80\ud588\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub294 \ubb38\ud654\uc815\uccb4\uc131\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\uc778\ub370 \uadf8\uac83\uc870\ucc28 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \uc5ec\uc720\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc77c\ub2e8 \uc5f0\ubc29\ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc81c\uc815\uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \ub05d\ub098\uc790 1953\ub144 \uc8fc\uc758 \uc7ac\ud655\uc815 \uc704\uc6d0\ud68c\uac00 \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 1960\ub144 \ub9d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc791\uc5c5\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \uac1c\ud5cc\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc5f0\ubc29\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc654\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc694\uc998\uc5d0\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\ub97c multi-ethnic federalism\uc774\ub77c \ubd80\ub974\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uac74\uad6d \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uae09\ubc15\ud588\ub358 \uc0ac\uc815\uc740 \uc774\ud574\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ubc29\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ucc44\ud0dd\ud55c \uc774\uc0c1, \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \ud5a5\ud6c4 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\uc758 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc2e4\ud604\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc801 \uacfc\uc81c\ub97c \uc548\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae30\ucd08\ub2e8\uc704\uc758 \ub9c8\uc744\uc790\uce58\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc911\uac04\ub2e8\uc704\uc758 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc790\uce58\ub97c \uac70\uccd0, \uc8fc\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc8fc\uad8c\uc131 \ubcf4\uc720, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5f0\ubc29\uad6d\uac00\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc790\uc728\uc758 \uc5f0\uc1c4 \uace0\ub9ac\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \uc0ac\ud68c\uac00 \uace0\uc804\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc8fc\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uae30\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \ubd88\uc644\uc804\ud55c \uc5f0\ubc29\uad6d\uac00\ub2e4. \uc911\uc559 \uc9d1\uc911 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc81c\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\ud558\ub294 \ud55c \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub294 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ub178\uc815\ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uc5f0\ubc29 \uad6d\uac00\ub97c \ud5a5\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub2e4\ud589\ud788\ub3c4 \uc778\ub3c4\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud558\uc704 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc778 \ub9c8\uc744 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc758 \uc528\uc557\uc774 \ubfcc\ub824\uc9c4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \ud1a0\uc591\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub2e4. \u20185\uc778 \ucd0c\uc7a5\ud68c\uc758\u2019\uc758 \ub73b\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ube64\ucc28\uc57c\ud2b8(panchyat)\ub77c\ub294 \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc801 \ub9c8\uc744 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uace0\ub300\ub85c\ubd80\ud130\uc758 \uc804\ud1b5\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uac04\ub514\uc758 \uc5fc\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \uaddc\uc815\ub41c \ube64\ucc28\uc57c\ud2b8\uc81c\uac00 \uc5b4\ub835\uc9c0\ub9cc \uafb8\uc900\ud788 \ubcf5\uc6d0\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\ub4ef\uc774 \ub9c8\uc744\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ubc29\uad6d\uac00, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc790\uc720, \ubbfc\uc8fc, \ud3c9\ud654\uac00 \uc2e4\ud604\ub418\ub294 \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc778\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc810\uc778 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4(S.C. Kashyap, 2018).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uac74\uad6d 70\ub144\uc744 \ub9de\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \uc758\uc678\ub85c \uc911\uc559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uad8c\ud55c\ubd84\uc0b0\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4\ub294 \ud3c9\uac00\uac00 \ub098\uc624\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ucd5c\uc885 \ubaa9\ud45c\uac00 \u2018\uc8fc\uad8c\uc801, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758, \uc138\uc18d, \ubbfc\uc8fc \uacf5\ud654\uad6d\u2019(sovereign socialist secular democratic republic)\uc758 \ub2ec\uc131\uc5d0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0 \ucda9\uc2e4\ud558\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uba74 \uc0ac\ud544\uadc0\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ubaa9\ud45c\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ub41c\ub2e4. \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 1991\ub144 \uc790\uc720\ud654\ub97c \uacc4\uae30\ub85c \uc911\uc559\uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758\uc2dd \uacc4\ud68d\uacbd\uc81c\ub97c \ud0c8\ud53c\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubc95\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ub300\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\uc559\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc9c0\ubc29\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uad00\uc5ec\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uc815\uce58\uc801\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc804\uad6d\uc815\ub2f9\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc815\ub2f9\ub4e4\uc758 \uc57d\uc9c4\uc774 \ud604\uc800\ud574\uc84c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774\ub2e4. \ub3c5\ub9bd\uacfc \uac74\uad6d \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub3c5\uc8fc\ud558\ub358 \uad6d\ubbfc\ud68c\uc758(\ud68c\uc758\ub2f9) \uc2dc\ub300\uac00 \ub05d\ub098\uace0(1967), \uc774\ud6c4 \uc790\ub098\ud0c0(1977), \uc790\ub098\ud0c0 \ub2ec(1989), 1991\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 BJP(\uc778\ub3c4\uad6d\ubbfc\ub2f9)\uac00 \uc5f0\ud569\uc815\ubd80\ub85c \uc9d1\uad8c\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \uc804\uad6d\uc815\ub2f9\uc740 \uc9c0\ubc29\uc815\ub2f9\uc758 \ud611\ub825 \uc5c6\uc774\ub294 \uc9d1\uad8c\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud588\ub2e4. \uad8c\ub825\uc758 \uc6d0\uc2ec\ubd84\ub9ac\ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uace7 \uc911\uc559\uc815\uce58 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc815\uce58\uc758 \ud798\uc774 \uac15\ud574\uc84c\uc74c\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\ub4ef \uad8c\ub825\ubd84\ud654\ub294 \uc2dc\ub300\uc801 \ucd94\uc138\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc 2019\ub144\uc5d0\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\uad6d\ubbfc\ub2f9(BJP)\uac00 \ub2e8\ub3c5 \uacfc\ubc18\uc218\ub97c \ud68d\ub4dd\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ub3c4 \ubc8c\uc5b4\uc84c\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc911\uc559\uad8c\ub825 \ub3c5\uc8fc\uc758 \uc2dc\ub300\ub294 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c \ub05d\ub0ac\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd10\uc57c \ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\ud5cc\ubc95\uc740 \uc815\uc7c1\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uad6d\uac00\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801<\/b><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc774\uc81c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub85c \uc7a5\uc810\uc758 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \ud55c\uad6d\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud655\uc2e4\ud558\uac8c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc810\uc740 \uc778\ub3c4\uc778\ub4e4\uc740 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \uc218\ub2e8\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ubaa9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\ubd80\ud130 \uc9c0\uae08\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uac1c\ud5cc\uc740 \uc815\uad8c\uc5f0\uc7a5, \uc815\uc7c1\uc758 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\ub9cc \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc654\uc74c\uc5d0 \ube44\uad50\ud574\uc11c \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\uc758 \uccad\uc0ac\uc9c4\uc778 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \uadf8\ub97c \uad6c\uccb4\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uac1c\ud5cc\uc744 \ud574\uc654\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774 \ud655\uc2e4\ud788 \ucd9c\uc911\ud558\ub2e4. \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc138\uacc4\uc758 \uc9c0\ub3c4\uc801\uc778 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc740 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubaa8\ubc94\uc801 \ud5cc\ubc95\uad6d\uac00\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uae30\uc5b5\ud558\uc790. \ud55c\uad6d\ub3c4 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud654, \ubbfc\uc8fc\ud654\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub450 \uc131\uacf5\ud55c \ub098\ub77c\uc774\uae34 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub354\uc6b1 \uc911\uc2ec \uc120\uc9c4\uad6d\uc774 \ub418\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc120 \uac70\ubd81\uc774\uac78\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud5cc\ubc95\uaddc\ubc94\uc5d0 \ucda9\uc2e4\ud55c \uadf8\ub7f0 \uc790\uc138\ub97c \uaf2d \ubc30\uc6e0\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><strong>\uc800\uc790\uc18c\uac1c<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\uac15\uacbd\uc120<\/b><b>(kangks@knou.ac.kr)<\/b>\uc740<br \/>\n\ud55c\uad6d\ubc29\uc1a1\ud1b5\uc2e0\ub300\ud559\uad50 \uba85\uc608\uad50\uc218\uc774\ub2e4. \uc11c\uc6b8\ub300\ud559\uad50 \ub300\ud559\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ud5cc\ubc95\ud559 \ubc15\uc0ac\ud559\uc704\ub97c \ucde8\ub4dd\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uad00\uc2ec\ubd84\uc57c\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc0ac\ud68c\ub97c \ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4 \uacf5\ud654\uad6d \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30\uc5d0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc800\uc11c\ub294 \u300e\uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\ud615\uc131\uc0ac\u300f, \u300e\uc0ac\ud68c\ubcf5\uc9c0\uad6d\uac00 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\u300f, \u300e\ud5cc\ubc95\uc804\ubb38 \uc8fc\ud574\u300f, \uad00\ub828 \ub17c\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c \u201c\ubc95\ub960\uac00\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uac04\ub514\u201d, \u201c\ud5cc\ubc95\uacfc \uacf5\ud654\uad6d\u201d, \u201c\uc601\uad6d\uacfc \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \ub178\uc608\uc81c \ud3d0\uc9c0 \uacfc\uc815\u201d\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\uac15\uacbd\uc120, 2020, \u201c\uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc758\ud68c\uc8fc\uad8c\uacfc \uc0ac\ubc95\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc81c\uc758 \uac01\ucd95\u201d, \ud55c\uad6d\uc815\uce58\ud3c9\ub860\ud559\ud68c \ud3b8, \u300e\uc815\uce58\uc640 \ud3c9\ub860\u300f, \uc81c26\ud638. 53-79.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Muni, S.D., 2010, \u201cEthnic Conflict, Federalism, and Democracy in India\u201d, in Norman Dorsen ed. <i>Comparative Constitutionalism<\/i>, West, A Thomson Reuters Business, 412-413.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Basu, Durga Das, 2003, <i>Introduction to the Constitution of India<\/i>, Wadhwa Nagpur, 51-66.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kashyap, S.C., 2018, <i>State of the Nation<\/i>, Vitasta, New Delhi, 2018, 133-134.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Singh, M.P., 2014, <i>Indian Federalism<\/i>, National Book Trust, New Delhi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/\uc544\uc2dc\uc544-\uc81c\uc77c\uc758-\ud5cc\ubc95-\uad6d\uac00-\uc778\ub3c4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1248 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"http:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/pdf.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"21\" height=\"22\" \/>PDF \ud30c\uc77c \ub2e4\uc6b4\ub85c\ub4dc<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uac15\uacbd\uc120(\ubc29\uc1a1\ud1b5\uc2e0\ub300\ud559\uad50) \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc778\ub3c4\ud5cc\ubc95 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud55c\ud574\uc11c \ubcf8\ub2e4\uba74 \uc778\ub3c4\uc758 \ud5cc\ubc95 \uc218\uc900\uc740 \ubd84\uba85 \ucd5c\uc815\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uc11c \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc758\uc544\ud574\ud560 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub3c4 \uc788\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310\uc774 \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ub41c \uacf3\uc740 \ud55c\uad6d\uacfc \uc778\ub3c4\ubfd0\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud574\ub3c4 \uacfc\uc5b8\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub450 \ub098\ub77c \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud5cc\ubc95\uc7ac\ud310 \ud65c\ub3d9\ub9cc \ubcf4\uba74 \ud55c\uad6d\uc774 \uc55e\uc11c\ub098, \ud5cc\ubc95\uaddc\ubc94\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucda9\uc2e4\ub3c4(faithfulness)\uc758 \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc778\ub3c4\uac00 \uc6d4\ub4f1 \ub192\uc544 \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uc778\ub3c4\ub9cc\ud07c \ud5cc\ubc95\uc758 \uc81c\uc815 \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uad6d\uc815\uc6b4\uc601\uae4c\uc9c0 \ucca0\uc800\ud788 \uc785\ud5cc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \ub178\ub825\uc744 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4643,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[643,641,642,47,628,640],"class_list":["post-4638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-36","tag-643","tag-641","tag-642","tag-47","tag-628","tag-640"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4638"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4920,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4638\/revisions\/4920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4643"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diverseasia.snu.ac.kr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}